List of prime ministers of France

The head of the government of France has been called the prime minister of France (French: Premier ministre) since 1959, when Michel Debré became the first officeholder appointed under the Fifth Republic. During earlier periods of history, the head of government of France was known by different titles. As was common in European democracies of the 1815–1958 period (the Bourbon Restoration and July Monarchy, the Second, Third, and Fourth Republic, as well as the Vichy regime), the head of government was called President of the Council of Ministers (Président du Conseil des ministres), generally shortened to President of the council (Président du Conseil). This should not be confused with the elected office of president of the French Republic, who appoints the prime minister as head of state.

9th century – 18th century

Kingdom of France (843–1792)

Main articles: Ancien Régime, Chief minister of France, Kingdom of France, and Kingdom of France (1791–92)

Under the Kingdom of France, there was no official title for the leader of the government. The chief ministers (principal ministres) of certain kings of France nonetheless led the government de facto.

Chief minister (Lifespan)		Term of office		King (Reign)
	Anne de Montmorency (1493–1567)	1 January 1515	14 June 1541	Francis I (1515–1547)
	Claude d'Annebault (1495–1552)	1541	31 March 1547
	Anne de Montmorency (1493–1567)	1 April 1547	10 August 1557	Henry II (1547–1559)
Position vacant (absolute rule by Henry II)		11 August 1557	10 July 1559
	Francis, Duke of Guise (1519–1563)	10 July 1559	5 December 1560	Francis II (1559–1560)
	Michel de l'Hôpital (1507–1573)	5 December 1560	13 March 1573 (Died in office)	Charles IX (1560–1574)
	René de Birague (1506–1583)	30 May 1574	24 November 1583 (Died in office)	Henry III (1574–1589)
	Philippe Hurault de Cheverny (1528–1599)	24 November 1583	12 May 1588
Position vacant (absolute rule by Henry III)		12 May 1588	2 August 1589
	Maximilien de Béthune, Duke of Sully (1560–1641)	2 August 1589	29 January 1611	Henry IV (1589–1610)
	Nicolas de Neufville, seigneur de Villeroy (1543–1617)	30 January 1611	9 August 1616	Louis XIII (1610–1643)
	Concino Concini (1569–1617)	9 August 1616	24 April 1617 (Died in office)
	Charles d'Albert, duc de Luynes (1578–1621)	24 April 1617	15 December 1621 (Died in office)
Position vacant (absolute rule by Louis XIII)		15 December 1621	12 August 1624
	Cardinal Richelieu (1585–1642)	12 August 1624	4 December 1642 (Died in office)
	Cardinal Mazarin (1602–1661)	5 December 1642	9 March 1661 (Died in office)	Louis XIV (1643–1715)
Position vacant (absolute rule by Louis XIV)		9 March 1661	1 September 1715
	Guillaume Dubois (1656–1723)	12 September 1715	10 August 1723 (Died in office)	Louis XV (1715–1774)
	Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (1674–1723)	10 August 1723	2 December 1723 (Died in office)
	Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon (1692–1740)	2 December 1723	11 June 1726
	André-Hercule de Fleury (1653–1743)	11 June 1726	29 January 1743 (Died in office)
Position vacant (absolute rule by Louis XV)		29 January 1743	3 December 1758
	Étienne François de Choiseul, Duke of Choiseul (1719–1785)	3 December 1758	24 December 1770
	René Nicolas Charles Augustin de Maupeou (1714–1792)	25 December 1770	23 August 1774
	Jacques Turgot (1727–1781)	24 August 1774	12 May 1776	Louis XVI (1774–1792)
	Jean-Frédéric Phélypeaux, comte de Maurepas (1701–1781)	14 May 1776	21 November 1781 (Died in office)
	Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes (1717–1787)	21 November 1781	13 February 1787 (Died in office)
	Étienne Charles de Loménie de Brienne (1727–1794)	1 May 1787	25 August 1788
	Jacques Necker (1732–1804)	25 August 1788	11 July 1789
	Louis Auguste Le Tonnelier de Breteuil (1730–1807)	11 July 1789	16 July 1789
	Jacques Necker (1732–1804)	16 July 1789	3 September 1790
	Armand Marc, comte de Montmorin (1745–1792)	3 September 1790	3 September 1791
Constitutional cabinet (supervisioned by Legislative Assembly)		3 September 1791	21 September 1792

18th century – 19th century

French First Republic (1792–1804)

Main articles: French Revolution and First French Republic

During the First Republic, the arrangements for governance changed frequently:

• National Convention (20 September 1792 – 2 November 1795)
  • with Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve as President of the National Convention (22 September 1792 – 2 June 1793)
  • with Maximilien Robespierre as President of the National Convention (4 June 1793 – 27 July 1794)
  • with Jean Jacques Régis de Cambacérès as President of the National Convention (7 October 1794 – 20 April 1795)
  • with Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès as President of the National Convention (20 April 1795 – 26 October 1795)
• Directory (2 November 1795 – 10 November 1799), with Paul Barras as President of the Directory
• Consulate (10 November 1799 – 18 May 1804), with Napoleon Bonaparte as First Consul of France

There was no individual head of government.

French First Empire (1804–1815)

Main article: First French Empire

As Emperor, Napoleon was both head of state and head of government.

Chief minister	Term of office			Political party		Emperor (Reign)
Position vacant (absolute rule by Napoleon)	1	18 May 1804	1 April 1814	Vacant		Napoleon (1804–1814)

First Restoration (1814–1815)

Main article: First Restoration

Chief minister		Term of office			Political party		King (Reign)
	Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord (1754–1838) (as President of the Council)	1	1 April 1814	2 May 1814		Independent	Louis XVIII (1814–1815)
	Pierre Louis Jean Casimir de Blacas (1771–1839)	2	2 May 1814	8 July 1815		Independent

Hundred Days (1815)

Main article: Hundred Days

As Emperor, Napoleon was both head of state and head of government. Upon Napoleon's abdication, his son Napoleon II was named Emperor. This rule was nominal, and Napoleon II remained in Austria throughout his nominal reign.

Chief Minister		Term of office			Political party		Emperor (Reign)
Position vacant (absolute rule by Napoleon I)		2	20 March 1815	22 June 1815	Vacant		Napoleon I (1815)
	Joseph Fouché (1759–1820) (as President of the Executive Commission)	•	22 June 1815	7 July 1815		Bonapartist	Napoleon II (1815)

Bourbon Restoration (1815–1830)

Main article: Bourbon Restoration in France

Presidents of the Council of Ministers

President of the Council of Ministers (Lifespan)		Term of office			Political party		Legislature (Election)	King (Reign)
	Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord (1754–1838)	•	9 July 1815	26 September 1815		Independent	I (Chambre introuvable) (1815)	Louis XVIII (1815–1824)
	Armand-Emmanuel de Vignerot du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu (1766–1822)	1	26 September 1815	29 December 1818		Independent
	Jean-Joseph, Marquis Dessolles (1767–1828)	•	29 December 1818	19 November 1819		Doctrinaires	II (1816)
	Élie Decazes, duc de Glücksbierg and Decazes (1780–1860)	•	19 November 1819	20 February 1820		Doctrinaires
	Armand-Emmanuel de Vignerot du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu (1766–1822)	2	20 February 1820	14 December 1821		Doctrinaires	III (1820)
	Jean-Baptiste de Villèle (1773–1854)	•	14 December 1821	4 January 1828		Ultra-royalist
							IV (1824)	Charles X (1824–1830)
	Jean Baptiste Gay, vicomte de Martignac (1778–1832)	•	4 January 1828	8 August 1829		Doctrinaires	V (1827)
	Jules de Polignac, duc de Polignac (1780–1847)	•	8 August 1829	29 July 1830		Ultra-royalist
	Casimir de Rochechouart, duc de Mortemart (1787–1875)	•	29 July 1830			Ultra-royalist

July Monarchy (1830–1848)

Main article: July Monarchy

Presidents of the Council of Ministers

Political parties

   Independent
   Orléanist
   Doctrinaires/Movement Party
   Resistance Party

President of the Council of Ministers (Lifespan)		Term of office			Political party		Legislature (Election)	King (Reign)
Position vacant (government led by Louis Philippe I)		0	1 August 1830	2 November 1830		(Orléanist)	I (1830)	Louis Philippe I (1830–1848)
		1
	Jacques Laffitte (1767–1844)	•	2 November 1830	13 March 1831		Orléanist
	Casimir Pierre Périer (1777–1832)	•	13 March 1831	16 May 1832		Resistance Party	II (1831)
	Jean-de-Dieu Soult (1769–1851)	1	11 October 1832	18 July 1834		Orléanist
	Étienne Maurice Gérard (1773–1852)	•	18 July 1834	10 November 1834		Independent	III (1834)
	Hugues-Bernard Maret (1763–1839)	•	10 November 1834	18 November 1834		Independent
	Édouard Mortier (1768–1835)	•	18 November 1834	12 March 1835		Resistance Party
	Victor de Broglie (1785–1870)	•	12 March 1835	22 February 1836		Resistance Party
	Adolphe Thiers (1797–1877)	1	22 February 1836	6 September 1836		Movement Party
	Louis-Mathieu Molé (1781–1855)	1	6 September 1836	31 March 1839		Resistance Party
		2					IV (1837)
Position vacant (government led by Louis Philippe I)		2	31 March 1839	12 May 1839		(Orléanist)
	Jean-de-Dieu Soult (1769–1851)	2	12 May 1839	1 March 1840		Resistance Party	V (1839)
	Adolphe Thiers (1797–1877)	2	1 March 1840	29 October 1840		Movement Party
	Jean-de-Dieu Soult (1769–1851)	3	29 October 1840	19 September 1847		Resistance Party	VI (1842)
	François Guizot (1787–1874)	•	19 September 1847	23 February 1848		Resistance Party	VII (1846)
	Louis-Mathieu Molé (1781–1855)		23 February 1848	24 February 1848		Resistance Party

Second French Republic (1848–1852)

Main article: Second French Republic

Presidents of the Council of Ministers

President of the Council of Ministers (Lifespan)			Term of office			Political party		Legislature (Election)	President (Term)
1		Jacques-Charles Dupont de l'Eure (1767–1855)	•	24 February 1848	9 May 1848		Moderate Republican	Const. (1848)		Himself de facto (Provisional)
2		François Arago (1786–1853)	•	10 May 1848	24 June 1848		Moderate Republican			Executive Commission
3		Louis-Eugène Cavaignac (1802–1857)	•	28 June 1848	20 December 1848		Moderate Republican			Himself de facto (Martial Law)
4		Odilon Barrot (1791–1873)	1	20 December 1848	31 October 1849		Party of Order		1	Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte (1848–1852)
			2					Leg. (1849)
5		Alphonse Henri, comte d'Hautpoul (1789–1865)	•	31 October 1849	24 January 1851		Party of Order
Position vacant (government led by Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte)			•	24 January 1851	10 April 1851	Vacant
6		Léon Faucher (1803–1854)	•	10 April 1851	26 October 1851		Party of Order
Position vacant (government led by Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte)			0	26 October 1851	2 December 1852	Vacant
			1
			2

Second French Empire (1852–1870)

Main article: Second French Empire

Cabinet Chiefs

Cabinet Chief (Lifespan)		Term of office			Political party		Legislature (Election)	Emperor (Reign)
Position vacant (absolute rule by Napoleon III)		3	2 December 1852	27 December 1869	Vacant		I (1852)	Napoleon III (1852–1870)
							II (1857)
							III (1863)
		4					IV (1869)
	Émile Ollivier (1825–1913)	•	2 January 1870	9 August 1870		Bonapartist
	Charles Cousin-Montauban (1796–1878)	•	9 August 1870	4 September 1870		Independent

19th century – 20th century

French Third Republic (1870–1940)

Main articles: Government of National Defense and Third French Republic

President of the Government of National Defense

President of the Government of National Defense (Lifespan)			Term of office			Political party		Legislature (Election)
		Louis-Jules Trochu (1815–1896)	•	4 September 1870	22 January 1871		Military	None

Presidents of the Council of Ministers

President of the Council of Ministers (Lifespan)			Term of office			Political party (Political coalition)		Legislature (Election)	President (Term)
6		Jules Armand Dufaure (1798–1881)	1	19 February 1871	24 May 1873		Opportunist Republicans	National Assembly (1871)	2	Adolphe Thiers (1871–1873)
			2
7		Albert, duc de Broglie (1821–1901)	1	25 May 1873	22 May 1874		Monarchist		3	Patrice de MacMahon (1873–1879)
			2
8		Ernest Courtot de Cissey (1810–1882)	•	22 May 1874	10 March 1875		Monarchist
9		Louis Buffet (1818–1898)	•	10 March 1875	23 February 1876		Monarchist
6		Jules Armand Dufaure (1798–1881)	3	23 February 1876	12 December 1876		Opportunist Republicans
			4
10		Jules Simon (1814–1896)	•	12 December 1876	17 May 1877		Opportunist Republicans	I (1876)
7		Albert, duc de Broglie (1821–1901)	3	17 May 1877	23 November 1877		Monarchist
11		Gaëtan de Rochebouët (1813–1899)	•	23 November 1877	13 December 1877		Monarchist	II (1877)
6		Jules Armand Dufaure (1798–1881)	5	13 December 1877	4 February 1879		Opportunist Republicans
12		William Waddington (1826–1894)	•	4 February 1879	28 December 1879		Opportunist Republicans		4	Jules Grévy (1879–1887)
13		Charles de Freycinet (1828–1923)	1	28 December 1879	23 September 1880		Opportunist Republicans
14		Jules Ferry (1832–1893)	1	23 September 1880	14 November 1881		Opportunist Republicans
15		Léon Gambetta (1838–1882)	•	14 November 1881	30 January 1882		Opportunist Republicans	III (1881)
13		Charles de Freycinet (1828–1923)	2	30 January 1882	7 August 1882		Opportunist Republicans
16		Charles Duclerc (1812–1888)	•	7 August 1882	29 January 1883		Opportunist Republicans
17		Armand Fallières (1841–1931)	•	29 January 1883	21 February 1883		Opportunist Republicans
14		Jules Ferry (1832–1893)	2	21 February 1883	6 April 1885		Opportunist Republicans
18		Henri Brisson (1835–1912)	1	6 April 1885	7 January 1886		Radical Republicans
13		Charles de Freycinet (1828–1923)	3	7 January 1886	16 December 1886		Opportunist Republicans	IV (1885)
19		René Goblet (1828–1905)	•	16 December 1886	30 May 1887		Radical Republicans
20		Maurice Rouvier (1842–1911)	1	30 May 1887	12 December 1887		Opportunist Republicans
21		Pierre Tirard (1827–1893)	1	12 December 1887	3 April 1888		Opportunist Republicans		5	Sadi Carnot (1887–1894)
22		Charles Floquet (1828–1896)	•	3 April 1888	22 February 1889		Opportunist Republicans
21		Pierre Tirard (1827–1893)	2	22 February 1889	17 March 1890		Opportunist Republicans
13		Charles de Freycinet (1828–1923)	4	17 March 1890	27 February 1892		Opportunist Republicans	V (1889)
23		Émile Loubet (1838–1929)	•	27 February 1892	6 December 1892		Opportunist Republicans
24		Alexandre Ribot (1842–1923)	1	6 December 1892	4 April 1893		Opportunist Republicans
			2
25		Charles Dupuy (1851–1923)	1	4 April 1893	3 December 1893		Opportunist Republicans
26		Jean Casimir-Perier (1847–1907)	•	3 December 1893	30 May 1894		Opportunist Republicans	VI (1893)
25		Charles Dupuy (1851–1923)	2	30 May 1894	26 January 1895		Opportunist Republicans
			3						6	Jean Casimir-Perier (1894–1895)
24		Alexandre Ribot (1842–1923)	3	26 January 1895	1 November 1895		Opportunist Republicans		7	Félix Faure (1895–1899)
27		Léon Bourgeois (1851–1925)	•	1 November 1895	29 April 1896		Radical Republicans
28		Jules Méline (1838–1925)	•	29 April 1896	28 June 1898		Opportunist Republicans
18		Henri Brisson (1835–1912)	2	28 June 1898	1 November 1898		Radical Republicans	VII (1898)
25		Charles Dupuy (1851–1923)	4	1 November 1898	22 June 1899		Opportunist Republicans
			5							Émile Loubet (1899–1906)
29		Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau (1846–1904)	•	22 June 1899	7 June 1902		Opportunist Republicans		8
30		Émile Combes (1835–1921)	•	7 June 1902	24 January 1905		Radical-Socialist Party (Bloc des gauches)	VIII (1902)
20		Maurice Rouvier (1842–1911)	2	24 January 1905	12 March 1906		Democratic Republican Alliance
			3						9	Armand Fallières (1906–1913)
31		Ferdinand Sarrien (1840–1915)	•	12 March 1906	25 October 1906		Radical-Socialist Party
32		Georges Clemenceau (1841–1929)	1	25 October 1906	24 July 1909		Independent	IX (1906)
33		Aristide Briand (1862–1932)	1	24 July 1909	2 March 1911		Republican-Socialist Party
			2
34		Ernest Monis (1846–1929)	•	2 March 1911	27 June 1911		Radical-Socialist Party	X (1910)
35		Joseph Caillaux (1863–1944)	•	27 June 1911	21 January 1912		Radical-Socialist Party
36		Raymond Poincaré (1860–1934)	1	21 January 1912	21 January 1913		Republican Democratic Party
33		Aristide Briand (1862–1932)	3	21 January 1913	22 March 1913		Republican-Socialist Party
			4						10	Raymond Poincaré (1913–1920)
37		Louis Barthou (1862–1934)	•	22 March 1913	9 December 1913		Republican Democratic Party
38		Gaston Doumergue (1863–1937)	1	9 December 1913	9 June 1914		Radical-Socialist Party
24		Alexandre Ribot (1842–1923)	4	9 June 1914	13 June 1914		Republican Federation	XI (1914)
39		René Viviani (1863–1925)	1	13 June 1914	29 October 1915		Republican-Socialist Party
			2
33		Aristide Briand (1862–1932)	5	29 October 1915	20 March 1917		Republican-Socialist Party
			6
24		Alexandre Ribot (1842–1923)	5	20 March 1917	12 September 1917		Republican Federation
40		Paul Painlevé (1863–1933)	1	12 September 1917	16 November 1917		Republican-Socialist Party
32		Georges Clemenceau (1841–1929)	2	16 November 1917	20 January 1920		Independent
41		Alexandre Millerand (1859–1943)	1	20 January 1920	24 September 1920		Independent (National Bloc)	XII (1919)
			2						11	Paul Deschanel (1920)
42		Georges Leygues (1857–1933)	•	24 September 1920	16 January 1921		Republican, Democratic and Social Party (National Bloc)		12	Alexandre Millerand (1920–1924)
33		Aristide Briand (1862–1932)	7	16 January 1921	15 January 1922		Republican-Socialist Party
36		Raymond Poincaré (1860–1934)	2	15 January 1922	8 June 1924		Republican, Democratic and Social Party (National Bloc)
			3
43		Frédéric François-Marsal (1874–1958)	•	8 June 1924	15 June 1924		Republican Federation (National Bloc)	XIII (1924)
45		Édouard Herriot (1872–1957)	1	15 June 1924	17 April 1925		Radical-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches)		13	Gaston Doumergue (1924–1931)
40		Paul Painlevé (1863–1933)	2	17 April 1925	28 November 1925		Republican-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches)
			3
33		Aristide Briand (1862–1932)	8	28 November 1925	20 July 1926		Republican-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches)
			9
			10
45		Édouard Herriot (1872–1957)	2	20 July 1926	23 July 1926		Radical-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches)
36		Raymond Poincaré (1860–1934)	4	23 July 1926	29 July 1929		Democratic Alliance (National Union)
			5
33		Aristide Briand (1862–1932)	11	29 July 1929	2 November 1929		Republican-Socialist Party	XIV (1928)
46		André Tardieu (1876–1945)	1	2 November 1929	21 February 1930		Democratic Alliance
47		Camille Chautemps (1885–1963)	1	21 February 1930	2 March 1930		Radical-Socialist Party
46		André Tardieu (1876–1945)	2	2 March 1930	13 December 1930		Democratic Alliance
48		Théodore Steeg (1868–1950)	•	13 December 1930	27 January 1931		Radical-Socialist Party
49		Pierre Laval (1883–1945)	1	27 January 1931	20 February 1932		Independent
			2						14	Paul Doumer (1931–1932)
			3
46		André Tardieu (1876–1945)	3	20 February 1932	3 June 1932		Democratic Alliance
45		Édouard Herriot (1872–1957)	3	3 June 1932	18 December 1932		Radical-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches)	XV (1932)	15	Albert Lebrun (1932–1940)
50		Joseph Paul-Boncour (1873–1972)	•	18 December 1932	31 January 1933		Republican-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches)
51		Édouard Daladier (1884–1970)	1	31 January 1933	26 October 1933		Radical-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches)
52		Albert Sarraut (1872–1962)	1	26 October 1933	26 November 1933		Radical-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches)
47		Camille Chautemps (1885–1963)	2	26 November 1933	30 January 1934		Radical-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches)
51		Édouard Daladier (1884–1970)	2	30 January 1934	9 February 1934		Radical-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches)
38		Gaston Doumergue (1863–1937)	2	9 February 1934	8 November 1934		Radical-Socialist Party
53		Pierre-Étienne Flandin (1889–1958)	1	8 November 1934	1 June 1935		Democratic Alliance
54		Fernand Bouisson (1874–1959)	•	1 June 1935	7 June 1935		Independent
49		Pierre Laval (1883–1945)	4	7 June 1935	24 January 1936		Independent
52		Albert Sarraut (1872–1962)	2	24 January 1936	4 June 1936		Radical-Socialist Party
55		Léon Blum (1872–1950)	1	4 June 1936	22 June 1937		French Section of the Workers' International (Popular Front)	XVI (1936)
47		Camille Chautemps (1885–1963)	3	22 June 1937	13 March 1938		Radical-Socialist Party (Popular Front)
			4
55		Léon Blum (1872–1950)	2	13 March 1938	10 April 1938		French Section of the Workers' International (Popular Front)
51		Édouard Daladier (1884–1970)	3	10 April 1938	21 March 1940		Radical-Socialist Party
			4
			5
56		Paul Reynaud (1878–1966)	•	21 March 1940	16 June 1940		Democratic Alliance
57		Philippe Pétain (1856–1951)	•	16 June 1940	11 July 1940		Independent

French State (1940–1944)

Main article: Vichy France

Until 1942, Marshal Philippe Pétain served as Chief of State and nominal President of the Council of Ministers. From 1942, Pétain remained Chief of State, but Pierre Laval was named Chief of the Government.

Vice-Presidents of the Council of Ministers

Vice-president of the Council of Ministers (Lifespan)			Term of office			Political party		Legislature (Election)	Chief of State (Term)
49		Pierre Laval (1883–1945)	5	11 July 1940	13 December 1940		Révolution nationale	None		Philippe Pétain (1940–1944)
53		Pierre-Étienne Flandin (1889–1958)	2	13 December 1940	9 February 1941
58		François Darlan (1881–1942)	•	9 February 1941	18 April 1942
49		Pierre Laval (1883–1945) (as Chief of the Government)	6	18 April 1942	19 August 1944

Provisional Government of the French Republic (1944–1946)

Main article: Provisional Government of the French Republic

Chairmen of the Provisional Government

Chairman of the Provisional Government (Lifespan)			Term of office			Political party (Political coalition)		Legislature (Election)
59		Charles de Gaulle (1890–1970)	1	3 June 1944	26 January 1946		Independent	Provisional
			2					I (1945)
60		Félix Gouin (1884–1977)	•	26 January 1946	24 June 1946		French Section of the Workers' International (Tripartisme)
61		Georges Bidault (1899–1983)	1	24 June 1946	16 December 1946		Popular Republican Movement (Tripartisme)	II (June 1946)
–		Vincent Auriol (1884–1966) (interim)	–	28 November 1946	16 December 1946		French Section of the Workers' International (Tripartisme)	IV Rep. I (Nov 1946)
62		Léon Blum (1872–1950)	3	16 December 1946	22 January 1947		French Section of the Workers' International (Tripartisme)

Fourth French Republic (1946–1958)

Main article: Fourth French Republic

Presidents of the Council of Ministers

President of the Council of Ministers (Lifespan)			Term of office			Political party (Political coalition)		Legislature (Election)	President (Term)
63		Paul Ramadier (1888–1961)	1	22 January 1947	24 November 1947		French Section of the Workers' International (Tripartisme)	I (Nov.1946)	16	Vincent Auriol (1947–1954)
			2
65		Robert Schuman (1886–1963)	1	24 November 1947	24 July 1948		Popular Republican Movement (Third Force)
66		André Marie (1897–1974)	•	24 July 1948	2 September 1948		Radical Party (Third Force)
65		Robert Schuman (1886–1963)	2	2 September 1948	11 September 1948		Popular Republican Movement (Third Force)
67		Henri Queuille (1884–1970)	1	11 September 1948	28 October 1949		Radical Party (Third Force)
61		Georges Bidault (1899–1983)	2	28 October 1949	2 July 1950		Popular Republican Movement (Third Force)
			3
67		Henri Queuille (1884–1970)	2	2 July 1950	12 July 1950		Radical Party (Third Force)
68		René Pleven (1901–1993)	1	12 July 1950	10 March 1951		Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance (Third Force)
67		Henri Queuille (1884–1970)	3	10 March 1951	11 August 1951		Radical Party (Third Force)
68		René Pleven (1901–1993)	2	11 August 1951	20 January 1952		Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance (Third Force)	II (1951)
69		Edgar Faure (1908–1988)	1	20 January 1952	8 March 1952		Radical Party
70		Antoine Pinay (1891–1994)	•	8 March 1952	8 January 1953		National Centre of Independents and Peasants
71		René Mayer (1895–1972)	•	8 January 1953	28 June 1953		Radical Party
72		Joseph Laniel (1889–1975)	1	28 June 1953	19 June 1954		National Centre of Independents and Peasants
			2						17	René Coty (1954–1959)
73		Pierre Mendès France (1907–1982)	•	19 June 1954	17 February 1955		Radical Party
69		Edgar Faure (1908–1988)	2	17 February 1955	1 February 1956		Radical Party
75		Guy Mollet (1905–1975)	•	1 February 1956	13 June 1957		French Section of the Workers' International (Republican Front)	III (1956)
76		Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury (1914–1993)	•	13 June 1957	6 November 1957		Radical Party (Republican Front)
77		Félix Gaillard (1919–1970)	•	6 November 1957	14 May 1958		Radical Party (Republican Front)
78		Pierre Pflimlin (1907–2000)	•	14 May 1958	1 June 1958		Popular Republican Movement
59		Charles de Gaulle (1890–1970)	3	1 June 1958	8 January 1959		Union for the New Republic

20th century – 21st century

Fifth French Republic (since 1958)

Main article: Fifth French Republic

Prime Ministers

S. No.	Portrait	Prime Minister (Lifespan)	Term of office			Political party (Political coalition)		Government	Legislature (Election)	President (Term)
			Term of office		Time in office
79		Michel Debré (1912–1996)	8 January 1959	14 April 1962	3 years, 96 days		Union for the New Republic	Debré	I (1958)	18	Charles de Gaulle (1959–1969)
80		Georges Pompidou (1911–1974)	14 April 1962	7 December 1962	6 years, 87 days		Union for the New Republic	Pompidou I
			7 December 1962	8 January 1966				Pompidou II	II (1962)
			8 January 1966	7 April 1967				Pompidou III
			7 April 1967	10 July 1968				Pompidou IV	III (1967)
81		Maurice Couve de Murville (1907–1999)	10 July 1968	20 June 1969	345 days		Union of Democrats for the Republic	Couve de Murville	IV (1968)
82		Jacques Chaban-Delmas (1915–2000)	20 June 1969	5 July 1972	3 years, 15 days		Union of Democrats for the Republic	Chaban-Delmas		19	Georges Pompidou (1969–1974)
83		Pierre Messmer (1916–2007)	5 July 1972	5 April 1973	1 year, 326 days		Union of Democrats for the Republic	Messmer I
			5 April 1973	1 March 1974				Messmer II	V (1973)
			1 March 1974	27 May 1974				Messmer III
84		Jacques Chirac (1932–2019)	27 May 1974	25 August 1976	2 years, 90 days		Union of Democrats for the Republic	Chirac I		20	Valéry Giscard d'Estaing (1974–1981)
85		Raymond Barre (1924–2007)	25 August 1976	30 March 1977	4 years, 269 days		Miscellaneous right (Union for French Democracy)	Barre I
			30 March 1977	5 April 1978				Barre II
			5 April 1978	21 May 1981				Barre III	VI (1978)
86		Pierre Mauroy (1928–2013)	21 May 1981	23 June 1981	3 years, 57 days		Socialist Party	Mauroy I		21	François Mitterrand (1981–1995)
			23 June 1981	22 March 1983				Mauroy II	VII (1981)
			22 March 1983	17 July 1984				Mauroy III
87		Laurent Fabius (b. 1946)	17 July 1984	20 March 1986	1 year, 246 days		Socialist Party	Fabius
(84)		Jacques Chirac (1932–2019)	20 March 1986	10 May 1988	2 years, 51 days		Rally for the Republic	Chirac II	VIII (1986)
88		Michel Rocard (1930–2016)	10 May 1988	28 June 1988	3 years, 5 days		Socialist Party	Rocard I
			28 June 1988	15 May 1991				Rocard II	IX (1988)
89		Édith Cresson (b. 1934)	15 May 1991	2 April 1992	323 days		Socialist Party	Cresson
90		Pierre Bérégovoy (1925–1993)	2 April 1992	29 March 1993	361 days		Socialist Party	Bérégovoy
91		Édouard Balladur (b. 1929)	29 March 1993	17 May 1995	2 years, 49 days		Rally for the Republic	Balladur	X (1993)
92		Alain Juppé (b. 1945)	17 May 1995	7 November 1995	2 years, 16 days		Rally for the Republic	Juppé I		22	Jacques Chirac (1995–2007)
			7 November 1995	2 June 1997				Juppé II
93		Lionel Jospin (b. 1937)	2 June 1997	6 May 2002	4 years, 338 days		Socialist Party	Jospin	XI (1997)
94		Jean-Pierre Raffarin (b. 1948)	6 May 2002	17 June 2002	3 years, 25 days		Liberal Democracy, later Union for a Popular Movement	Raffarin I
			17 June 2002	31 March 2004				Raffarin II	XII (2002)
			31 March 2004	31 May 2005				Raffarin III
95		Dominique de Villepin (b. 1953)	31 May 2005	17 May 2007	1 year, 351 days		Union for a Popular Movement	Villepin
96		François Fillon (b. 1954)	17 May 2007	19 June 2007	4 years, 364 days		Union for a Popular Movement	Fillon I		23	Nicolas Sarkozy (2007–2012)
			19 June 2007	14 November 2010				Fillon II	XIII (2007)
			14 November 2010	15 May 2012				Fillon III
97		Jean-Marc Ayrault (b. 1950)	15 May 2012	21 June 2012	1 year, 320 days		Socialist Party	Ayrault I		24	François Hollande (2012–2017)
			21 June 2012	31 March 2014				Ayrault II	XIV (2012)
98		Manuel Valls (b. 1962)	31 March 2014	26 August 2014	2 years, 250 days		Socialist Party	Valls I
			26 August 2014	6 December 2016				Valls II
99		Bernard Cazeneuve (b. 1963)	6 December 2016	15 May 2017	160 days		Socialist Party	Cazeneuve
100		Édouard Philippe (b. 1970)	15 May 2017	21 June 2017	3 years, 49 days		The Republicans, later Independent	Philippe I		25	Emmanuel Macron (2017–)
			21 June 2017	3 July 2020				Philippe II	XV (2017)
101		Jean Castex (b. 1965)	3 July 2020	16 May 2022	1 year, 317 days		Independent	Castex
102		Élisabeth Borne (b. 1961)	16 May 2022	4 July 2022	1 year, 238 days		Renaissance	Borne I
			4 July 2022	9 January 2024				Borne II	XVI (2022)
103		Gabriel Attal (b. 1989)	9 January 2024	5 September 2024	240 days		Renaissance	Attal
104		Michel Barnier (b. 1951)	5 September 2024	Present	78 days		The Republicans	Barnier	XVII (2024)

Timeline

Executive Prime Ministers (1814 ― 1959)

Non-executive Prime Ministers (since 1959)

See also

• Chief Minister of France
• History of France
• List of presidents of France
• Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs
• Politics of France
• President of France

External links

• List on the website of the French Prime Minister (in French)